(lighthearted music) - It's Monday.

(all cheering) - Good morning.

- Good morning.

- Good morning.

- Good morning super readers.

Thank you for joining us in our Valley PBS classroom.

I'm Mrs. Nix.

- I'm Mrs. Hammack.

- And I'm Mrs. Vang.

- This is a place for us to learn, practice and - [women] grow our brains - to become even stronger readers, writers and thinkers.

So let's get started by warming up our brains with some... - ear training - Called... - [women] daily phonemic awareness.

- All right, so this week we are doing a whole bunch of review.

So today I want us to just practice segmenting or breaking apart a word.

So I'm gonna give us a word, we're gonna stretch it like a rubber band, and we're gonna identify how many sounds do you hear.

Okay.

- Okay.

- First word is, dirt.

- Dirt.

- Hm, okay.

- How many sounds can we hear?

- [women] D-ir-t. D-ir-t. - How many did you hear?

- I heard three.

- I heard three.

- Excellent job.

There are three, d-ir-t. Great.

How about the word first?

- Hm, okay.

- First.

- [women] F-ir-s-t, ooh.

- F-ir-s-t. That was a tricky one.

- That was a tricky one.

- I almost got tricked, but... - Those ending blends can really trick you.

- Absolutely.

So there were four, great job.

All right, how about one more?

Let's do the word, verb, verb.

- [women] V-er-b.

V-er-b.

- That one had three.

- I heard three.

- Three sounds, great job.

You guys are doing an excellent job of listening.

And remember, this week is all about review.

So every day we'll do a little bit of different review - But you know what is not a review?

- Oh, I have an idea.

- Maybe it's our... - That's it.

Today we are going to show you a dance called, it's a volcano.

- Yes.

- So let's get ready.

- So stand up - Get started.

- and get yourself some space, and let's dance.

(upbeat music) ♪ What is standing very still ♪ ♪ Is it volcano or is it a hill ♪ ♪ If it starts to shake and it cannot stop ♪ ♪ It's a volcano ♪ ♪ It's a volcano ♪ ♪ It's a volcano ♪ ♪ It's a volcano ♪ ♪ It's a volcano ♪ ♪ And it's going to blow ♪ ♪ It's its job ♪ (upbeat music) ♪ Woo ♪ (upbeat music) ♪What is standing very still ♪ ♪ Is it a volcano or is it a hill ♪ ♪ If it starts to shake and it cannot stop ♪ ♪ It's a volcano ♪ ♪ It's a volcano ♪ ♪ It's a volcano ♪ ♪ It's a volcano ♪ ♪ It's a volcano ♪ ♪ And it's going to blow ♪ ♪ It's its job ♪ (upbeat music) ♪ Woo.

♪ (all laughing) - Oh, that was fun, right?

- Woo, that was a workout.

- That was a workout.

And I bet our brains are super awake now, right?

- Absolutely.

- I think so.

Okay, I think they're ready.

- Okay.

- Okay.

- We're gonna start with our fun excel sheet.

I'll see you guys later.

- Okay, we'll see you.

- Have fun.

- Okay.

Good mornings super readers.

Now, remember what Mrs. Nix said, this is a review week, so that means these are all sounds that we have already learned.

So we're going to review them.

And just remember to make our brains stronger, we're just gonna practice and practice and practice.

So, today we are gonna be working with a shirt card.

And remember that shirt card says, "er."

Good job, I heard you, "er."

Now, if you look at my shirt card, there are four different ways to spell the "er" sound.

So help me say it.

We can say, ER says, "er."

Good.

IR says, "ir," UR says, "ur", and OR says, "or."

That's a tricky of one, cause I know OR also says, "or" but sometimes that OR can say, "er."

so let's read some of words have the "er" sound.

I think I'm gonna invite our friends to come and help us read, should we?

Friends?

- Happy Monday.

- Oh, there they are.

- Happy Monday friends?

- Hi Mrs. Vang?

- We missed you last week.

I'm glad you're back.

- Oh, I'm so glad to be back.

- Now, have you guys been practicing your reading skills?

- Ooh, yes.

- This week it's a review, so we're really gonna just be practicing this week.

Are you guys ready?

- Yeah, let's do it.

- Okay, I have some words up here.

Can you guys help me read it?

- Okay.

- All right.

- Okay, ready?

First word is - [All] V-er-b, verb.

- Hey, a verb is an action word.

- That's right.

- Oh, that's right.

And that goes perfect with our volcano dance.

- Oh yeah, I liked that.

- Doesn't it?

- That was fun.

- That was fun.

Okay, let's keep going.

This one says - [All] F-ir-s-t, first, first - First, and we know that has four sound.

And we said that was that tricky ending blend, that S-T, st.

It does say it really fast, but it's each it's own sound.

Right?

Good job.

Okay, let's keep going.

This is... - [All] W-or-d, word.

- Word.

- That one says word.

- Word - Word.

The word says word.

Is that cool?

There is that.

OR that says that "or" sound.

- Yeah, remember when we learned that the first time.

Sometime we noticed that a lot of words that start with W have the OR for the "er" sound.

- Oh, I'm so glad you remember that.

That's right Rita.

That was a great trick.

A lot of the words that begins with that W does have that OR, and it's usually that "er" sound, not that "or" sound.

Awesome job remembering.

Okay, let's read this word.

This is... - [All] B-ur-n, burn.

- Good job, burn.

Now, I have a word and I want you guys to help me build it.

Are you guys ready?

- Yeah.

- Yeah, we will.

- Okay, let's see, can you help me build a word, skirt.

Hm, skirt.

So segmented, you need to s-k-ir-t, skirt.

Think about how many sounds.

- Oh, it has that little blend at the beginning.

- Oh, it does that little blend at the beginning.

What is it?

- Yeah, so I think it's SK.

- Good job.

Is that what you guys are thinking?

Awesome.

S-k-ir... - Oh, now we have to decide which one.

- Oh, which one is it?

- Well, I think it's with an IR.

- You think it's an IR?

- Yep, I agree.

- It is the IR.

And you know what, Mrs. Vang forgot to take out our spelling patterns.

But it's okay, we can make it with the IR.

- [All] Sk-ir-t. - Oh, that's yours right here.

(Puppets speaking drowns out each other) - Skirt, good job.

Awesome job.

- Oh, that looks right.

- Skirt.

S-K-I-R-T, skirt.

Good job.

Thank you friends for helping us review the er sound today.

I'm gonna have the super readers read this sentence with us.

I'll see you guys tomorrow - All right.

- Bye bye, we'll see you, bye.

- Bye guys.

Okay super readers, now it's see your turn.

Help me read this sentence.

Remember our sound this week, or actually our sound today.

Today we are working on that er sound.

Are you guys ready?

Okay, nice and loud.

Big voices, and go.

A big bird lurks on top of the church.

How did you do?

Thumbs up?

Awesome job.

Okay.

Now let's go and learn some high frequency words with Mrs. Hammack.

- That's right.

Now, this week, like Mrs. Vang said, is review.

So I've chosen six words that I thought might be a little bit tricky for you for us to practice this week.

So let's read all six of them and then we'll figure out which ones go in our sentence.

You ready?

All right, we have; thought, right, through, knew, above, and sure.

All right.

So to today we're gonna focus on just two of 'em.

We're gonna focus on, thought.

I thought about something.

All right, so let's spell it.

T-H-O-U-G-H-T, thought.

Excellent.

All right.

And we have the word, knew.

K-N-E-W. Now, this knew is the kind when you know something but you knew it already, it already happened.

And did you notice that it has the word new, like new shoes right in it?

Tricky, isn't it?

All right, so let's take a look at our sentence.

We have, we, hmm, they, hmm, the answer.

Hmm, we knew they thought the answer?

Oh, I tried to trick you, but you got it.

We thought they knew the answer.

Great job.

All right, now we're gonna listen to actually a new story called volcanoes.

I want you to think about what you're listening to and see how many facts you can remember as you listen to this story, okay?

See you back here in a few minutes.

- [Narrator] Volcanoes, by Sandra Markle.

One ordinary April day, something special happened.

Hot liquid rock exploded from a volcano on Iceland.

Once in the air, the bits of liquid quickly cooled and turned into ash.

Then the volcano kept on erupting.

Soon the air was full of ash.

Nearby, a dairy farmer herded his cows into the family's big barn.

His wife said, "It was scary.

"I could hear the volcano rumbling like distant thunder.

"Soon, even though it was day, it was dark.

"And there were flakes falling from the sky.

"These were not white snowflakes though, "the flakes were black.

"When they touched my skin, they felt like sand."

This volcanoes eruption had a big impact on the local people and others around the world.

So why did the volcano erupt?

(gentle music) Compared to the whole earth, the Earth's crust is thin.

The crust is broken into pieces like a cracked hard boiled egg.

Each piece is called a plate.

Deep inside the Earth's core is so hot the rock around it melts.

The melted rock is called magma.

As magma heats up, it rises.

Near the crust, the magma cools off then it sinks.

Scientists think these magma currents make the plates move.

Feature box, see magma for yourself.

You can model what's happening to the magma under the Earth's plates.

With an adult's help, boil water in a pot, drop a handful of raisins into the water, watch.

You'll see the raisins sink and rise.

The water heats up at the bottom of the pan and rises.

It cools at the surface and sinks.

The raisins ride the currents.

The currents move like magma under the Earth's crust.

Caption, below the ground and water, the Earth's crust is broken into plates.

Plates are on the move, but we can't feel it.

The fastest plate moves just six inches each year.

If the plates move far enough apart, magma reaches the Earth's surface.

Magma may explode into the air.

It may flow onto the Earth's surface.

When magma flows out, it is called lava.

Lava flows out at different places around the world.

If a lot of lava flows out at one spot on the Earth's surface, it forms a mountain or volcano.

Many are along the edge of the Pacific Ocean, no wonder this is said to be a Ring of Fire.

Map, volcanoes around the world.

Map labels, island volcano, Asia, Mount Fuji, Ring of Fire, Mount Saint Helens, North America, Mauna Loa, equator, Australia, Pacific Ocean, South America, Christ church, Santiago.

Map key; red dot, volcano.

(gentle music) Lava may have different properties like being runny or stiff.

If the lava is runny, it spreads out on the Earth's surface before it cools and becomes solid.

This kind of lava forms a flat shield-shaped volcano.

Mauna Loa in Hawaii is a shield-shaped volcano.

It started when lava poured out of an opening on the ocean floor, then lava built up in layers.

Once the mountaintop was above water, it formed an island.

Mauna Loa continues to be very active.

It has erupted 39 times since 1832.

Caption, Mauna Loa in Hawaii is the Earth's largest volcano.

If the lava is stiff, it piles up on the Earth's surface and forms a cone-shaped volcano with steep sides.

The volcano that erupted on Iceland is a cone-shaped volcano.

It is not very active.

Its last eruption was almost 200 years ago.

While it was inactive, a lot of ice built up on the mountain.

Then in 2009, scientists discovered the volcano was becoming active again.

Caption, this is the volcano that erupted in Iceland.

(gentle music) Scientists know a volcano is getting ready to erupt when it swells.

This happens because magma pushes up inside the volcano.

The mountain does not swell enough for people to see it getting bigger.

Special instruments measure the tiny movements of the rocks.

Other instruments record earthquakes around the volcano.

Lots of quakes are another clue magma is rising inside the volcano.

Caption, magma fills a chamber inside the volcano, then it pushes up a pipe-like part to the opening at the surface, the crater.

The Iceland volcano erupted lava under its ice covering.

The ice melted and turned to steam.

If you've ever watched steam lift the lid on a boiling pot, You know what happened next.

Steam and gas escaping from the volcano blew magma high into the air.

The magma exploded into millions of tiny droplets.

These cooled and became ash.

Winds carried the volcanic ash across Europe.

The volcanic ash could damage jet engine parts, so it was too dangerous to fly.

Airplanes around the world were grounded.

Some people were stranded.

Caption, after the eruption in Iceland, ash covered the ground.

Not just volcanic ash causes problems, hot lava from volcanoes also creates damage.

Flowing lava can destroy buildings and roads.

The volcano named Mount Saint Helens in Washington State once blasted out hot gas and knocked down whole forests.

Caption, Mount Saint Helens.

Of course the results of volcanic eruptions aren't all bad.

For one thing, Volcanoes build new mountain and islands.

In Iceland, scientists discovered the bits of volcanic ash were coated with minerals plants need to grow.

After the eruption, the dairy farmer had a big job cleaning ash off his house and barn roofs.

In the fields though, the grass quickly shot up healthy and green.

Soon there was plenty of fresh food for his cows Captions, here a farmer is sweeping ash off of his roof.

The ash makes a healthy place for plants to grow.

- [Woman] Oh, apparently.

- Was that the most fascinating information ever?

Did you know all of those things about volcanoes?

I sure didn't.

You know what else, authors give us a lot of information when they're giving us a piece of text like that.

So today I want us to go through, and I want us to kind of think like an author does.

And we're gonna talk about some of the clues that an author gives us to help us better understand what the text is saying.

So let's read the question today.

Today's question is, how does the author use text features to teach you more about the effects of the volcanoes eruption?

So we're gonna look for some text evidence today.

And I've got a page for us to look at.

And it says, "Write what you learned "from each photo and caption."

Remember what a photo is?

Those are the pictures, and a caption are those little words that are written right below the photo.

So we wanna write about what we've learned.

And then we're gonna write what they teach us about the effects of a volcano.

Okay.

So when I'm looking at this page, and I'm looking up here, there' a caption right under this photo here.

And you see the farmer he's out here, and he's having to clean the top of all the ash off of the top of his house.

So it says, "Here, a farmer is sweeping ash off his roof."

So in that very first one, we could say that, well, volcanoes mean that people have to clean up after the volcano.

Volcanoes can make a mess.

When we look at our second photo, and our caption here says, "The ash makes a healthy place for plants to grow."

Well, then I know that volcanic ash can help plants grow.

Hmm.

Now I kind of heard something that was not such a positive thing, and something that was really pretty positive.

So really I know the effects of a volcano can be both good and bad, which tells me the author uses photos and captions to teach me that volcanoes can be bad for people, but good for plants.

Hmm, kind of an interesting thing.

Now, today when we flick over here and we start talking about our writing, let's read what our writing prompt is.

How do volcanoes change the earth?

Now, volcanoes can change the earth, and they can do it in a couple of different ways.

We just, we're talking about a few things, right?

Because we saw ash and things like that.

But I'm thinking that our friends could come over and help us out just a little bit with coming up with a couple of other sentences.

What do you think?

Should we come call him in?

All right friends, come on in, come on in.

- Oh, look I brought Scooter with me.

- Oh, Scooter's with us.

Hi scooter.

We haven't seen you in a while.

How's it going?

Are you so excited to be back?

Springtime is such a good time for squirrels.

- Mm-hmm.

- All right.

So friends, can we think of anything?

How did volcanoes change the earth?

What did we read about?

- Well, I know that I heard that they could help make new islands.

- They can.

That magma or the lava that kind of explodes, that can make a whole new island, right?

- There we go.

I wrote it down.

- Perfect.

So volcanoes can change the earth.

First, the lava can help create new islands.

Excellent job.

Oh scooter, do you have an idea too?

Okay.

All right, help me out.

What do you wanna say?

Oh.

(puppet laughing) - He's talking about the plants.

Okay.

Let's check out what his little sentence says right here.

Next, the volcanic ash helps new plants grow.

That's kind of what we were just talking about, right?

- Yep.

- So it can create new islands, it helps new plants to grow.

- And then I think that I should say these are a few ways that volcanoes can change the earth.

- Absolutely, cause it a couple of different ways.

That's a great concluding sentence to our little paragraph right here.

These are a few ways volcanoes - Good job - can change the earth.

Nice job.

I really appreciate all of your help today.

We did a great job.

I bet you can come up with a few additional things of how volcanoes can change the earth.

But in the meantime, I'm gonna send it over to one of our awesome friends to tell you about an amazing book.

See you back here in a minute.

- Bye.

- Hi, my name is Trevor Nicks, and I would like to share this book.

It's called "Jazz On a Saturday Night".

And I'm a jazz student myself at Buchanan High School.

And so this book it shares... Jazz is a different type of style of music.

It's like there's several types including classic jazz, hot jazz, cool jazz, dixieland, swing, bepop, infusion.

And it's more like Legato style, and you should...

This book talks a lot about that, and it's a really good book.

And I'll play an example of that right now.

(trumpet blaring) All right, thank you for watching Valley PBS.

- Oh, that was an awesome.

I love listening to Trevor practice his trumpet.

- He's getting really good.

- He's pretty awesome.

- He is.

Hey, so Ricky wanted me to tell you guys a joke.

- Oh, okay.

- He went on vacation a bit early.

He might be back.

But he had a great joke for you guys.

He said, "Why can't April jump so high?"

- Huh.

- I don't know.

- I don't know.

- Because it's spring.

- Oh, that is definitely a Ricky joke.

- (laughs) That's a Ricky joke.

(all laughing) - That is fantastic.

And thanks for hanging out with us today and watching Valley PBS.

We look forward to seeing you back here tomorrow at the same time.

- That's right.

- Take care, bye bye.

- Bye.

- Bye.

(lighthearted music)